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Hydrochloric Acid

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Hydrochloric Acid Specification

Molecular Formula
HCl

Refractive Rate
n20/D 1.3713

Taste
Acrid, sharp (not for consumption)

Molecular Weight
36.46 g/mol

Smell
Pungent, irritating

HS Code
28061000

Structural Formula
HCl

Boiling point
~110C (20% solution)

Classification
Inorganic Acid

Inorganic Acid Types
Hydrochloric Acid

Purity
30-32% w/w

Application
Laboratory, industrial, water treatment, cleaning, pH regulation

Appearance
Clear, colorless to light yellow liquid

EINECS No
231-595-7

Other Names
Muriatic Acid, Spirits of Salt

Usage
Analytical reagent, chemical synthesis, food processing, metal cleaning

Melting Point
-27.32C (for 30% solution)

Density
1.15 Gram per cubic centimeter(g/cm3)

Solubility
Miscible with water

Raw Material
Chlorine gas, Hydrogen gas

UN Number
UN 1789

Hazard Identification
Causes severe burns, inhalation hazard

Vapour Pressure
<30 mmHg at 20C

Corrosivity
Highly corrosive to metals and tissue

Flash Point
Non-flammable

Shelf Life
2 years if stored properly

pH
<1 (1M solution)

Packaging Type
HDPE drums, glass bottles, carboys

Storage Conditions
Store in tightly closed container, under cool, well-ventilated conditions

About Hydrochloric Acid

It is a strong inorganic acid, used in many industrial processes such as refining metal. We are named among the leading organizations engaged in offering Hydrochloric Acid. It forms hydrochloride salt when reacts with an organic base. We use premium quality compounds, sourced from certified vendors to process this acid. This acid is used in textile, plastic, food and pharmaceutical industry. Hydrochloric Acid is also used in the production of organic compounds such as vinyl chloride and PVC.

Features:

Colorless, transparent liquid
Longer shelf life
Accurate composition

Composition :

Tests	Specifications	Results
Description	A clear fuming liquid, not more than 10 hazen units in colour	A clear fuming liquid, not more than 10 hazen units in colour
Assay (Min.)	35.4 %	36.10%
Non-volatile matter	<0.001%	<0.001%
Free chloride (Cl)	<0.0002%	0.00015%
Sulphate (SO4)	<0.0005%	0.0003%
Sulphide (SO3)	<0.0001%	0.00005%
Ammonium (NH4)	<0.0003%	0.0002%
Arsenic (As)	<0.000002%	<0.000002%
Copper (Cu)	<0.00001%	<0.00001%
Iron (Fe)	<0.00004%	0.00003%
Lead (Pb)	<0.00005%	<0.00005%
Aluminium (Al)	<0.00005%	<0.00005%

Versatile Industrial Applications

Hydrochloric Acid's strong acidic nature and high purity (AR grade) make it essential across industries. Utilized in laboratory analysis, chemical synthesis, water treatment, and metal cleaning, it assists in maintaining proper pH levels and material processing. Its efficacy extends to food processing under controlled environments, demonstrating its adaptability in various sectors.

Safe Storage and Handling

Due to its corrosive properties and inhalation hazards, Hydrochloric Acid must be stored securely in tightly closed HDPE drums, glass bottles, or carboys. Maintain a cool, well-ventilated environment away from incompatible substances to preserve quality and extend shelf life up to 2 years. Employ appropriate protective equipment when handling.

Physicochemical Properties and Identification

This acid is characterized by a density of 1.15 g/cm3, a pH less than 1 (in a 1M solution), and a significant vapor pressure below 30 mmHg at 20C. It is classified under the UN Number 1789 and HS Code 28061000, with a molecular formula HCl and a molecular weight of 36.46 g/mol. Its clear, acrid, pungent-smelling appearance distinguishes it in chemical inventories.

FAQ's of Hydrochloric Acid:

Q: How should Hydrochloric Acid be stored to ensure its longevity and safety?

A: Hydrochloric Acid should be stored in tightly closed containers, such as HDPE drums, glass bottles, or carboys, in a cool, well-ventilated area. Avoid direct sunlight, heat sources, and storage near incompatible materials. Proper storage extends its shelf life up to 2 years and minimizes risk of hazardous exposure or corrosion.

Q: What are the primary usage areas and benefits of Hydrochloric Acid in various industries?

A: Hydrochloric Acid's principal uses include laboratory analysis, water treatment, pH regulation, metal cleaning, and chemical synthesis. Its strong acidity and solubility make it effective for industrial-scale cleaning, analytical processes, and as a reagent in food processing under strict controls, offering efficiency and versatility.

Q: When is it necessary to use personal protective equipment while handling Hydrochloric Acid?

A: Personal protective equipment, including acid-resistant gloves, safety goggles, face shields, and protective clothing, must always be worn when handling Hydrochloric Acid. Due to its highly corrosive properties and severe burn risks (both skin contact and inhalation), protective measures are essential at all stages from transfer to use.

Q: Where is Hydrochloric Acid commonly utilized, and how is it typically supplied?

A: Hydrochloric Acid is widely used in laboratories, industrial plants, water treatment facilities, and food processing units. It is supplied by manufacturers, exporters, dealers, and retailers in India in different packaging types like HDPE drums, glass bottles, and carboys to suit various application volumes.

Q: What safety hazards should users be aware of when working with Hydrochloric Acid?

A: Users must be cautious of Hydrochloric Acid's highly corrosive nature, which causes severe burns upon contact and can be an inhalation hazard. Always handle in well-ventilated environments, avoid direct contact with skin and metals, and have emergency procedures in place to manage accidental exposure or spills.

Q: How is Hydrochloric Acid produced, and what are its raw materials?

A: Hydrochloric Acid is industrially produced by reacting chlorine gas with hydrogen gas. This synthesis generates hydrogen chloride gas, which is subsequently dissolved in water to form aqueous hydrochloric acid. Such controlled production ensures the acid's purity and suitability for analytical or industrial use.

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